The life story of Khalid Ibn Walid Part II
The Persians realized the difficulty of their position. The defeat provoked the anger of the Persians and their Arab guardians. They met in Ellis with a great army, and the Muslim army clashed with them in a great battle that swung and prolonged. In the end, the Muslims won and the Persians and the Arabs fled, and Khalid ordered their families, justifying his vow. He then ordered the prison to be imprisoned, beat the prisoners' necks and ran the river and turned blood.
The next step in securing victory was to open al-Hirah, the capital of Arab Iraq, and his army went to and besieged it. When they did not find a smuggler, they accepted to pay tribute. After resting his army, Khaled marched to mobilize him to Anbar and his forefront Alaqra bin Habis, besieged the people of Anbar barricaded and ditched around them. . Khaled then went to Ain al-Tamr, where he faced an army of Persians and Arabs from the tribes of Bani al-Nimr ibn Qasit and overcame Iyad led by "Aqah ibn Abi Aqah" in the battle of Ain al-Tamr and defeated them, thus bringing most of the Arab Iraq under the control of Muslims.
Ayyad ibn Ghanam was still at war in Dumat al-Jandal since the Caliph sent him to fight them. The Caliph despaired of the situation, and he gave him the newborn bin 'Uqba. When Al-Waleed arrived, he realized the difficulty of Ayyad's position. Ayad did not hesitate and he was sent to Khaled, and he was interested in leaving the eye of dates. Therefore, Khaled went to his army, making Duma between him and Jund Ayyad, and succeeded in defeating the fort in the battle of Dumat al-Jandal. The people of Iraq took advantage of the absence of Khalid, and they raised the Islamic garrisons.
Khaled continued to march north until it reached Al-Fard, a site on the fringes of Iraq and the Levant, and set up a month separated from the Roman only the course of the Euphrates. The Roman commander sent Khaled to ask him to surrender, but Khaled told him he was waiting for him on the battlefield. Then the Roman sent him a choice either to cross them or to him, and he asked them to cross. Khaled took advantage of the Roman crossing, besieging them with his wings, taking advantage of the presence of the river behind them, and defeated them crushingly. The battle of al-Fard was the last battle of Khalid ibn al-Walid in Iraq. Khaled ordered his army to return to al-Hirah, and decided to perform the hajj in complete secrecy without even asking permission from the caliph. After his pilgrimage completed the flag of the Caliph and forbade repeating his action again.
After the Muslims opened the Dumat al-Jandal, the road became paved for movement to conquer the Levant. Khalid bin Said sent the commander of the Muslims on the border of the Levant to Abu Bakr, asking permission to fight the Roman. After consulting Abu Bakr opinion, encouraged by the victories of Muslims in Iraq to take a similar step in the Levant, authorizing Khalid bin Said. Khalid bin Said's army was not lucky after the Roman succeeded in luring him and defeated his army, fled in a battalion of his soldier after the death of his son, leaving Akrama retreating army.
This did not weaken the determination of the Caliph, four armies at once led to the Levant, led by Abu Obeida Jarrah and Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan and Sharhbeel bin Hasna and Amr ibn al-Aas and directed each of them to a different destination, but the Roman armies to them in every place armies outnumbered them. The leaders found that if they fought alone, they would inevitably be defeated, so he sent Abu Obeida to Abu Bakr asking for durations. Abu Bakr was fed up with the situation. Khaled was fed up, as he hoped to remain in Iraq until he opened the cities, but he complied.
Khaled had two ways to reach Muslim forces in Syria, one through Dumat al-Jandal, and the other going through Raqqa. As the need for Muslim forces in the Levant was urgent, Khaled avoided the Dumat al-Jandal route for its length, and it took weeks to reach the Levant. He also decided to avoid the other way because he would pass the Roman garrisons in northern Syria. Khaled picked a bumpy but shorter path through the Levant. Khaled took the "Rafi bin Omayra al-Taie" guide to him where he advised them to take a lot of water, because they will walk for five nights without returning a well. Khaled used the camel's stomachs to store water for drinking horses, and thus succeeded in passing the desert camel in the shortest possible time. He then subdued the Ghassanids after he fought them in the meadow of Rahat.
Then came the news that a Roman army had assembled in Ajnadin, and Khaled ordered his army to go to Ajnadin, and he wrote to the leaders of other armies to provide him in Ajnadin. When they met there, Abu Obeida bin Jarrah made the pedestrian in the heart, and Muath bin Jabal on starboard, Saeed bin Amer bin Juthaim al-Qurashi on the facilitator, and Saeed bin Zaid on horses. The battle began by attacking the Roman soft for the city of Muslims, but Muath bin Jabal and his men withstood the attack, and then launched the Roman star attack on the Muslim soft, they proved as well. At that time the Roman commander ordered the arrows to be thrown, and then the Muslim attack began.
Then he reached that the Romans had mobilized another army overseeing 240 thousand troops in Yarmouk, and went to the armies of Muslims to them. Khaled showed one of his new tactics. Ben illiterate. [123] Khaled then drew a plan to lure the rum away from their positions in which they dug the trenches and assigned Ikrima bin Abi Jahl and al-Qaqaa bin Amr al-Tamimi to attack the two teams at dawn until they reach the trenches of the rum and then pretend to defeat and retreat. The two commanders carried out the mission successfully, and when the Romans saw them retreat, they attacked them. Muslims showed valor in the fighting that continued into the sunset. Finally, Muslims were able to separate the Knights of the Romans and their infantry. When the Roman knights were fed up with the fighting and became tired, the Muslims opened a loophole that tempted them to leave, demanding survival, leaving the infantry to their fate. Muslims broke into the trenches, killing thousands. [124] Yarmouk's victory marked the beginning of the end of the Romans' control of the Levant. [125]
The armies dispersed afterwards, and each went to his destination, where Abu Bakr had directed him. Khaled and Abu Ubaida went to Damascus, opening them after they besieged her and reconciled her family to the tribute. [126] While they were there, a messenger carrying the news of Abu Bakr's death and Omar ibn al-Khattab took over the caliphate, along with a book to Abu Ubaydah given to him by the Emirate of the army and isolating Khaleda, [127] but he remained under the leadership of Abu Ubaida, as one of his commanders. [127] After reassuring the Muslim shrine, Abu Ubaida advanced his forces and Khalid with him to Fahl. He had sent some of his soldiers to besiege him while besieging Damascus, defeating her garrison and those who had sought refuge from the Roman soldiers fleeing from Ajnadin. [128] A day of stallion tournaments mentioned by historians. [129]
Omar ibn al-Khattab wrote to Abu Ubaydah ordering him to invade Homs. Seizing the preoccupation of the Muslims in Fahal, Heraclius Caesar sent an army led by Tudor (Theodorus) to retake Damascus. While the Muslim army was on their way to Homs, the Byzantine army met halfway in the Roman meadow. During the night, Todar sent half of his army to Damascus to launch a surprise attack on the Muslim garrison. In the morning, the Muslims found that the Roman army had reduced its number, and Khaled expected that the Romans had directed part of their army to attack Damascus. Khaled asked Abida Obeida, and set off in a squad of cavalry to realize the Roman army heading to Damascus. Khaled was able to defeat this Roman army after the Romans were confined between Khalid's forces and the city's garrison. Khaled returned to join the forces of Abu Obeida, and besieged Homs until he handed her family demanding reconciliation, Abu Obeida favored them on the terms and out of Damascus peace, and then handed Hama and Latakia and the same conditions.
Amr ibn al-Aas and Sharhbeel ibn Hasna faced difficulties in confronting the Romans in Palestine and southern Syria, so they were sent to Omar and ordered Abu Obeida and Khaled to go to them for support. From the Battle of Yarmouk, and besieged it. The city did not accept extradition, except for the caliph personally. After Jerusalem, the army of Abu Obeida and Khaled went to complete the conquest of northern Syria. Abu Ubaida directed Khalid to Qansrin, the city was strong, and he found a great Roman army.Khalid fought them and defeated them in the battle of Qansrin.He offered remnants to fortify the city, demanding reconciliation as the reconciliation of Homs, but Khaled refused and saw that he punished them for their resistance to the Muslims. The army of Abu Ubaida ibn al-Jarrah pursued the forces of Khalid ibn al-Walid in Qansrin after opening them to continue their march to Aleppo, where they were able to open them.
The next target for Muslims was Antioch, the capital of the Asian part of the Byzantine Empire. Before marching there, Abu Obeida and Khalid decided to isolate the city from Anatolia by taking over all the fortresses that might provide strategic support to Antioch, the most important of which was Azaz in the northeast of Antioch. The Roman defenders of Antioch fought a desperate battle with the Muslim army outside the city near the Orontes River, but ended in defeat and retreat to Antioch, besieged by Muslims. The Romans lost hope of the arrival of the periods from the emperor, and Antioch surrendered that the Roman soldiers are allowed to pass to Constantinople safely.
Abu Ubaida directed Khaled north, while he headed south and conquered Latakia, Jableh, Tartous and the western coastal areas of the eastern Lebanon mountain range. Khaled seized the territory up to the Kizil River in Anatolia. Before the Muslims arrived in Antioch, Emperor Heraclius had left her to Edessa, to arrange the necessary defenses in Mesopotamia and Armenia, and then left for his capital Constantinople. On his way to Constantinople, he narrowly escaped the hand of Khaled, who was on his way out of Siege to Manbij.
After successive overwhelming defeats of Hercules's forces in those battles, his chances of rectifying his situation were few, as his remaining military resources became weak, so he sought help from Arab Christians from Mesopotamia who mobilized a large army to Homs, the Abu Obeida base in the north. Sham, and sent them a soldier across the sea from Alexandria. Abu Obeida ordered all his forces in northern Syria to send him to Homs, after they were besieged by Christian Arab tribes. Khaled preferred an open battle outside the city, but Abu Obeida was sent to Omar asking for his opinion. Omar sent to Saad bin Abi Waqqas to conduct a soldier to invade the homes of those Arab Christian tribes in her country, and to send Qaqaa bin Amr in four thousand horsemen for Abu Ubaida. Omar himself walked out of the city at the head of a thousand soldiers. The news broke out in Iraq and the Levant, and these tribes saw that they would rush back to their homes, leaving the Roman soldiers facing their fate in front of the Muslim forces who had defeated those forces.
Awful, before the troops arrive from Iraq or the city. Abu Ubaida then sent Khaled in a force to attack the tribes from behind.
After that battle, Omar ordered the complete conquest of Mesopotamia. Abu Ubaida sent Khalid and sent Ayyad ibn Ghanam to invade northern Mesopotamia. They conquered Edessa, Diyarbakir, Malatya and then invaded Armenia until they reached Khalid Amed and Edessa. He opened the country and filled the spoils.
Historians differed about the order of the events of Fatah al-Sham, for example, Tabari narrated that the battle of Yarmouk was the next battle to open Bosra, Balatri has been told that it was the last battles of Fatah al-Sham, and that it was during the era of Omar ibn al-Khattab.
People spoke effectively Khaled in Armenian, and spoke of his victories in Syria and Iraq, so the poets sings effectively, Vohbhm of his money and lavished them, and was given by Khalid Al-Shaath bin Qais, who gave him ten thousand dirhams. Omar reached the city news of Khalid Award for shaggy, Omar wrote to Abu Obeida to bring Khaled tied up with his turban, so he knows Ajaz shag from his money or the money of Muslims, the alleged claim that the money of Muslims, it is a betrayal of the Secretariat. If he claims that he is out of his money, he has gone too far, and in both cases Khaled is removed from his command of the armies. Abu Obeida was perplexed, so he left the task to Bilal bin Rabah, the messenger of the caliph, in the book. Abu Obeida sent Khalid summons from Qansrin, then gathered people and asked Bilal Khalid whether his prize for shaggy of his money or the money of Muslims ?. Khalid replied that it was his own money, and declared his innocence. Abu Obeida was surprised by the fact that the caliph had isolated him and that he was ordered to go to the city.
Khaled went to Medina to meet Omar, protesting what he saw as injustice, but Omar insisted on his decision. There was much ado about the isolation of Omar Khaled.
Khalid ibn al-Walid I did not isolate Khalid from indignation and betrayal, but people fascinated him, so I was afraid to entrust him and plague him. I liked to know that God is the maker, and not to offer sedition.
Khalid ibn al-Walid
When Khaled presented Omar, Omar said:
You did not do as your own do maker, and what does the people do, God does
Vgramh something, and then compensated, and wrote to the people of this book to excuse them and see them. This was the end of Khaled's successful military career.
There is a consensus that Khalid died in 21 AH / 642 CE, but there is disagreement over the place of his death. Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani stated that he died in Homs and another that his death was in the city and that Omar ibn al-Khattab attended his funeral, while Abu Zarah al-Dimashqi went in his history that his death was in the city. Ibn Katheer was quoted in the beginning and the end by al-Waqidi and Muhammad ibn Saad as saying that he died in a village about a mile from Homs, as well as conveying the other opinion of his death in the city, but he liked his death in Homs. His biography of the nobles saw Ibn Kathir likely to die in Homs. Khaled Ibn al-Walid has a large mosque in Homs, some claim that his grave in the mosque. It is narrated that Khalid said on his deathbed:
Khalid ibn al-Walid I have seen a hundred crawl or about, and in the physical position of an inch, but a blow with a sword or throws an arrow or stab a spear and here I am dying on my bed dying my nose, as the camel dies not sleep eyes cowards.
Muslims were saddened by the death of Khalid most sad, and the Caliph Omar was one of the most grieving, so that he passed by the womb of the sons of Makhzoum weeping, it was said to him: Do not end them ?. He said: «What the women of Quraish to cry Abu Suleiman, unless we fall or worried about him like crying Bouaki. »
Complete the life story of Khalid ibn al-Walid Part III
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