Queen Hatshepsut

King Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten)

King Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten) [The kings of the era of the modern state]: The era of the modern state was called the era of glory of war and the interest of the kings of this era wars, invasions and military battles The modern state included the families (18:20) and extended its history from the 16th century BC. M.

Among the most important kings of this era (King Amenhotep IV):

This king assumed the throne of Egypt after the death of his father King Amenhotep the Third. He was 16 years old and married Queen Nefertiti. The king's interests differed from that of the other kings of Egypt who preceded him because he was concerned with matters of religion and worship

The most important works of King Amenhotep IV:

He made the first religious revolution in which he called for the worship of one God (Aton) and his symbol of the disk of the sun, which came out of the radiance ends with human hands that distribute good to people so:

1. He changed his name from Amenhotep the fourth to Akhenaten (ie, the Savior to Aaron).

2. He built a new capital for his country called Achitaton (to be the seat of the worship of Athen).

As a result of his religious revolution, the priests of the god Amun and the priests of the other gods rebelled against him and did not continue this religion, where it ended with the death of Akhenaten for its association with his existence.

He tried to unify the ancient gods of Egypt, where the gods in which they worshiped in their various regions, including the great god Amon Ra, were united in the form of the One God. Although there are doubts about his success in this, and the transfer of the capital from Taibah to his new capital Achitaton in Minya, where the real art appeared, especially in sculpture and painting as in the tomb of Ra Musa and the emergence of new literature characterized by the songs of the new god Aton,

Akhenaten was married to his wife, Queen Nefertiti, who shared the thought of Atten's worship and appeared with him in religious ceremonies. He married a second wife, Kia, who is likely to be the mother of Tutankhamun. In April 2010, the Egyptian Supreme Council of Antiquities announced that, based on DNA tests known as hypoxic DNA, these tests show that Tutankhamun is the son of King Akhenaten.

King Akhenaten was preoccupied with his philosophy and religious reforms, and departed from foreign policy and the administration of the empire stretching to the Upper Euphrates and Nubia south, the Asian part was separated. When his successor, Samnakh Ka Ra, died shortly thereafter, he was succeeded by his younger brother Tutankhamun, who retreated from the Athenian faith and left the capital Achitaton to return to Tiba (Luxor today) and declared Amon's faith under the pressure of Amon's priests They were still on the doctrine of the god Amon Ra, rejecting what Akhenaton offered them from the idea of ​​the new god Aton. Under these pressures and because of his youth he changed his name from Tutankhamun to Tutankhamun. And the good priests destroyed the effects of Akhenaten and his city Achitaton, and the name of his name was removed from it, and abandoned by the people.

There are many theories about Akhenaten's fate, but there is no conclusive evidence of what happened to him after years of moving to his new capital. According to his correspondence with the king of the Hittites, he received a congratulation from the king by moving to the new capital, Achitaton. According to these manuscripts, the king of the Hittites was skeptical of Akhenaten's failure to respond to his letters. Akhenaten was preoccupied with the thought and worship of the new god Aten, and was strongly opposed by the priests of the god Amon to his new religion, and neglected the foreign affairs of the country. In the Middle East arena, another great country has begun to compete with Egypt.

The distribution of regional blocs in the Middle East during the reign of Akhenaten.

The search for the tomb of King Akhenaten continued after the discovery of the first tombs of the Valley of the Kings in the 19th century and the 20th century without reaching a decisive conclusion, until the studies conducted by the Supreme Council of Antiquities and the University of Cairo began on the mummies. It was announced in February 2010 that the team had discovered through analysis Genetic mutation and gene analysis that «mummy in the cemetery 55 in the Valley of the Kings is the mummy of the golden king's father Tutankhamun, was believed to be a mummy belonged to a man died between the ages of 20 and 25, but it was found from the research that he died between the ages of 45 to 50 years, the son of Amenhotep III and Queen Tiye, suggesting that And the same Akhenaten "[8]

Tests of the Supreme Council of Antiquities, as shown in Egypt, it is likely to be Tutankhamun's son Akhenaten secondary that his wife was called Kia. Egypt's Supreme Council of Antiquities announced in April 2010 that, based on DNA tests, known for short as DNA show that Tutankhamun was the son of King Akhenaten.