Life story of the sword of God Khaled Ibn Al - Walid
Khalid ibn al-Walid ibn al-Mughira al-Makhzoumi al-Qurashi (30 BC - 21 AH / 592--642 CE) was a companion and a Muslim military leader, nicknamed the Prophet by the sword of God. Known for his good military planning and mastery of leading Muslim armies in the wars of apostasy and conquest of Iraq and the Levant, during the reign of the successors of the Prophet Abu Bakr and Omar within several years from 632 to 636. He was not defeated in more than a hundred battles by numerically superior forces from the Byzantine Roman Empire, the Persian Sassanid Empire and their allies, as well as many other Arab tribes. Khaled is known for his decisive victories in the battles of Al-Yamamah, Alice and Al-Fard, and the tactics he used in the battles of Al Walaja and Yarmouk.
Khalid ibn al-Walid played a vital role in Quraish's victory over the Muslim forces in the Battle of Uhud before his conversion to Islam. However, after converting to the Hudaybiyyah, Khalid al-Din al-Islami participated in various campaigns during the time of the Prophet, the most important of which were the Battle of Mutah and the conquest of Mecca. In 638, at the height of his military victories, he was removed by the Caliph Omar ibn al-Khattab from the command of the armies because he feared that people would be fascinated by him. Until his death and buried it.
Is: Khalid bin Walid bin Mughira bin Abdullah bin Amr bin Makhzoum bin vigilance of the time bin Ka'b bin Louay bin Ghalib bin Fahr bin Malik bin Quraish bin Kenana, known as Abu Suleiman, it was said: Abu Walid. Meets in descent with the Prophet at the time bin Kaab the sixth grandfather of the Prophet.
His father: Al-Walid ibn al-Mughayra, Sayyid Bani Makhzoum, one of the stomachs of Quraish, was so high that he was refusing to light a fire to feed people, especially in the seasons of Hajj and Okaz Souk, and one of the richest people in Mecca in his time. Because the Quraysh was covering the Ka'bah in a year, and the newborn alone wore it a year. His mother: the gate of the youngest girl Al-Harith semicircular Bani Hilal bin Amer bin Saasa of Hawazen, it meets in descent with the Prophet in the harmful Ben Nizar seventeenth grandfather of the Prophet.
Grandfather to his father: Mughira bin Abdullah Sayyid Bani Makhzoum, who was a man of the sons of Makhzoum affects honorable affiliation, and who had a lot of children, the most famous Alwaleed Abu Khalid and "fruit" who had a generosity of a guest house housing him without permission, and "Abu Hanifa" one of the four who took the parties to the robe of the Prophet on that differed Quraish when building the Kaaba, and "Abu illiteracy" nicknamed "increased knees" because it was enough companions their travel, which is Abu Umm al-Mu'minin Umm Salamah and Sahaabi migrant bin Abi illiteracy, and "Hisham," leader of the sons of Makhzoum in the war of the ungodly, which chronicled Quraish death, and did not market three Mecca to grieve him, a Abu Abu Is, and "Hashim" grandfather companion Omar bin al-Khattab to his mother.
His grandmother to his mother: Hind bint Auf bin Zuhair ibn al-Harith, which is said to be "Akram old in the land in flesh", [It is the mother of believers Maimuna bint al-Harith "Arwa bint Amis" Alkhthmia husband Hamza bin Abdul Muttalib and Asma bint Amis husband Jaafar bin Abi Talib then Abu Bakr and then Ali bin Abi Talib.
Siblings: Six brothers and nine were said between males and females, including the companions Alwaleed bin Alwaleed and Hisham bin Alwaleed, in addition to the building bin Alwaleed offered by Quraish instead of Abu Talib to surrender Muhammad, which was rejected by Abu Talib.
His tribe: the sons of Makhzoum, the belly that had the order of the dome, which was hit to collect what is equipped by the army, and the aid of horses, which is the command of the cavalry in the wars of Quraish. Makhzoum had a great impact in Quraish. Omar bin Abi Rabia and the follower Saeed bin Musayyib.
According to Ashraf Quraish, Khaled was sent to the desert, to be raised by a nursing woman and growing up right in the desert. He returned to his parents at the age of five or six. During his childhood, Khaled fell ill with smallpox, but left some scars on his left cheek. Like other sons of the nobles, he learned equestrianism, but he showed great nobility and skill in the equestrian since early, and excelled on all his peers, Khalid was an excessive force also known as courage, skin and feet, and skill and agility in the hit and run. He was able to "prove" his presence in the battlefields, and showed the art of equestrian and craftsmanship in fighting what made him one of the best knights of his time
His recipe
Khaled was a long-time, great body and important, tends to whiteness, thick beard, very similar to Omar bin al-Khattab, so that the visually impaired were confused between them.
Khaled in the era of the Prophet Muhammad
Before he became Muslim
Little is known about Khalid during the time of Islam in Mecca. After the migration of the Prophet from Mecca to Medina, there were many battles between Muslims and Quraish. Khalid Badr did not fight the first major battles between the two teams, in which his brother Walid was captured in the hands of Muslims. Khaled and his brother Hisham went to Fath al-Walid in Yathrib.
The Battle of Khaled was one of Khalid's first battles in the conflict between the two powers, in which he took command of the Qarmatis starboard. Khaled played a vital role in favor of the Qarasheen, he was able to turn the tide of the battle, after exploiting the error of Muslim archers, when they left the mountain archers to collect loot after the superiority of Muslims at the beginning of the battle. Khaled took advantage of this mistake to wrap around Mount Archers and attack his knights at the back of the Muslim army, which turned the circle on Muslims, and turned the defeat of the Qarashians to victory.
Khaled also participated in the ranks of the parties in the Battle of the Trench, and he and Amr ibn al-As took the back of the army in two hundred horsemen, for fear of being pursued by Muslims. He was also at the head of the Quraish cavalry, who wanted to convert between Muslims and Mecca in the conquest of Hudaybiyah.
Islamization
While Muslims were in Mecca to perform the Umrah in the year 7 AH, according to the agreement concluded in the reconciliation of Hudaybiyah, the Prophet sent to Alwaleed bin Walid, and asked him about Khalid, saying to him: «What Khalid does not know Islam, even if making his joke alone with Muslims on The polytheists were good to him, and we gave it to others. ”[31] Walid sent Khaled to a letter inviting him to Islam and to realize what he had missed. This was agreed by Khalid, who offered to Safwan bin illiteracy and then to Ikrima bin Abi ignorance to join him in his trip to Yathrib to declare Islam, but they refused. Then he presented the matter to Othman bin Talha al-Abdri, and he agreed. While they were on their way to Yathrib, they met Amr ibn al-Aas immigrant to declare his Islam, entered the three Yathrib in zero in 8 AH declaring their Islam, and then the Prophet said: "The Mecca has thrown to us the lavish liver."
When he arrived in Medina, Khaled told Abu Bakr a vision he saw in his sleep as if he was in a narrow, infertile country. He went out to a vast green country. He said to him: "Your way, which Allah guided you to Islam, and the tribulation you were in from shirk."
Saif Allah almasloul
In 8 AH, the Prophet directed an army to fight the Ghassanids, after he objected Sharhabeel bin Amr Ghassani factor Caesar Roman Balqa Harith bin Omair Azdi Messenger of the Prophet Muhammad to the owner of Bosra, and killed. Khaled, a newcomer to Islam, joined the 3,000-strong army. The Prophet Zaid bin Haritha chose to lead the army, to be succeeded by Jaafar bin Abi Talib if killed, then Abdullah bin Rawahah that killed Jaafar, and the killing of three Muslims choose a leader among them.
When the army arrived in Mu'ta, Muslims found themselves in front of an army of 200,000 fighters, half of them Roman and half of the Ghassanids. Muslims were surprised by the situation, and stayed for two nights in Maan consult them. Some suggested that they send the messenger to explain the situation to him, and wait for either the durations or the new orders. Ibn Rawaha opposed it, and persuaded Muslims to fight. The battle began, and the Muslims faced a difficult situation, killing the three leaders in a row, then the Muslims chose Khalid to lead them in the battle. The army withstood the rest of the day, and at night, Khaled Maimana moved his army to Maisara, and Maisara to Maimana. He then ordered a sect to raise dust and fuss over the army until the morning. In the morning, the Roman army and the Ghassanids were surprised by the change of faces and flags from those they faced yesterday, in addition to the fuss, they thought that durations had come to the Muslims. Then he ordered the withdrawal and the Romans feared that they would pursue them, fearing that the withdrawal would be intriguing. Khaled fought valiantly in the Battle of Mutah, and broke in his hand that day nine swords. After he returned to Yathrib, the Prophet praised him and called him the sword of God.
Months later, Quraish overturned one of the terms of the peace, when Bakr ibn Mannat ibn Kenanah attacked the allies of Quraish, the sons of Khuza'a, allies of the Prophet. Then the messenger went in an army of ten thousand fighters to Mecca, and the army was divided into four sections took the command of one of them and ordered Zubair bin Awam and Saad bin worship and Khalid bin Walid on the other three, and ordered them to enter Mecca each door. They entered each of the door entrusted to him, and did not meet one of them only battalion Khalid, where his killer Ikrima bin Abi Jahl and Suhail bin Amr and Safwan bin illiteracy in the soldiers gathered to fight Muslims, and Khalid was able to win them, and killed a number of them. Then the Apostle sent him in a secret of thirty horsemen to demolish the idol of all the sons of Kenana, Vdhmha and then returned to the Prophet, he told him the Apostle asked if he had seen something, he replied, and the Prophet asked him to return because he did not destroy it. Khaled returned when he was angry and stripped his sword, and came out to him a naked black publisher, and hit her Khaled Vfqha halves and returned to the Prophet. He told him he said: "Yes that attribution, has desperate to worship your country never!".
Secret Khalid bin Walid to the children of Jumaima
After the conquest, the Prophet sent the Saraya to invite the tribes to Islam, and Khaled bin al-Walid sent a commander of 350 immigrants and supporters and Bani Selim in secret to "Bani Juthaima bin Amer bin Abdul Manat bin Kenana," and did not order him to fight. [45] Here was the first stalemate Khalid, where he fought, and hit them, despite the opposition of his companions, including Salem Mawla Abu Hudhayfah and Abdullah bin Omar bin al-Khattab, when the news arrived to the Prophet raised his hands to heaven and then said: "Oh God, I am healed for you Khalid ibn al-Walid". The Prophet sent Ali to the sons of Juthaima, to pay the blood of their dead.
Despite this mistake, the Prophet then engaged him in the Battle of Hanin, where the Prophet made him a leader on the Bani Selim, and was seriously injured. Khaled also participated in the Battle of Tabuk under the leadership of the Prophet, and from there the Prophet sent in secret to Dumat al-Jandal, and entered it and captured the owner Akidar bin Abdul Malik, who favored the Prophet on the tribute, and demolished their idol "Wad." In 10 AH, the Prophet Khalid bin Al-Walid sent in the month of Rabi I in secret from four hundred fighters to the sons of Harith bin Kaab Najran, and ordered him to invite them to Islam before he fights them three, if they responded to him accept them and reside in them and teach them their religion, although they do not fight them . The sons of al-Harith bin Ka'b answered the call and converted to Islam, and Khaled established them teaching them Islam. Then Khalid wrote to the Prophet so, he ordered him to reside in them teach them, and then to accept with them their delegation, they sent him to declare their Islam.
After the death of the Prophet, most of the Arab tribes except the people of Mecca, Taif, and tribes neighboring Mecca, Medina and Taif, overtook Sultan Abu Bakr, the new Muslim caliph. The reasons for the objection differed, some of them apostatized from the Islamic religion, and some of them remained on the religion of Islam with their refusal to pay the zakat obligation, and some of them to circumvent the claim of prophecy in the Arab tribes.
Zakat blockers from the tribes of Abs, Zebian and Dafthan exploited the departure of Osama bin Zaid, who had been recommended by the Prophet before his death, and tried to attack the city. After the caliph was able to repel the attack, and sent from chasing remnants of the defeated, Abu Bakr held eleven brigades to fight apostates and zakat supporters throughout the Arabian Peninsula. Abu Bakr ordered Khalid ibn al-Walid on one of those armies of 4,000 fighters, and directed him to subdue Tei then fight the proponent of prophecy Taliha bin Khuwaylid and his tribe Bani Asad, then go to subdue Bani Tamim. However, before the army moved, Uday ibn Hatim al-Ta'i arrived with zakat funds, to join Khalid's army.
The tribes of Asad, Fazara, Saleem, remnants of Abs, Zebian, and Bakr gathered around Taliha ibn Khuwaylid, who claimed prophecy. Khaled went to his army, clashed with them in Bzkhah, defeated them and fled Taliha to Syria. Khalid then ordered to chase the remnants of the defeated, then ordered the burning of prisoners and fire them, and sent their bosses handcuffed to the Caliph to see what he is doing to them, to inflict those who remained on their religion of harm, and to be a deterrent to those who will meet him afterwards
Zul bin Haritha killed her mother or cinnamon in his secret to Bani Fazara, for inciting her people to fight Muslims. Khaled fought them in a big battle in Zafar, defeated them and killed Umm Zamel
Khaled then went to Bani Tamim with his army. The children of Tamim were not on the same position, some of them the stomachs of giving zakat and follow the successor of the Messenger of Allah, and some of them saw the opposite, and a third team remained confused. When Khaled al-Battah's army arrived, the house of the sons of Jerobo, he found no one. It was their master Malik bin Nuwaira who were puzzled in their order, and had ordered his people to disperse. Khaled broadcast the companies, and ordered them to bring him to all who did not answer the preacher of Islam, even if he refuses to kill him. Abu Bakr had advised them to give permission if they went down to a house. Then, the soldier came to Malik bin Nuwaira in a group of his people, the secrecy of them differed, witnessed Abu Qatada Ansari that they set up prayer, and others said: they did not give permission and did not pray. Khalid ordered the killing of Ibn Nuwaira, and the narrators differed in the reason for the killing of Khalid Malik, some of them said that the prisoners were killed because the night was cold, has ordered Khaled to warm the prisoners, and meant in the language of Kinana killing, the guards killed them. Some of them said that it took place between Khalid and the owner of a dialogue from which Khalid concluded that the owner denies zakat, killing him so. On the night of Malik's death, he married Umm Tamim, Laila bint al-Minhal, Malik's wife, which was denied by many companions. The companions in the city denounced Khaled's action, and Abu Bakr sent Khaled's request. Omar ibn al-Khattab was angered by the act of Khalid, so he asked the caliph to isolate the latter, but Abu Bakr refused to do so, saying: "I was not Ashim sword God blessed the unbelievers." Abu Bakr violently immortalized his action, and then spent it to his army, and Woody owner and the response of the captivity of the sons of Jerobo.
Musailma bin Habib claimed prophecy, and was able to gather around forty thousand of his people Bani Hanifa and others, who acknowledged his prophecy. It was in the testimony of `` the men of Ben Enfwa, '' which the Prophet had sent with the delegation of Bani Hanifa, when they came to declare their Islam in the year of delegations to teach them religion, that Muhammad had shared him in the prophecy, the greatest support for him in his claim, which increased the risk of sedition on Muslims. Therefore, Abu Bakr directed him a brigade led by Ikrima bin Abi ignorance, and then Ardvh another brigade led by Sharhabeel bin Hassan.
Akrama hastened his decision to confront the army of Musaylama alone before the army of Sharhabeel bin Hasna realized it, which exposed him to a terrible defeat. When Sharhabeel arrived in his army, he realized the difficulty of the situation, so he sent the caliph to tell him what he was. By then, Khaled had finished the order of Bani Tamim. When Khaled arrived in his army to Al-Yamamah, he realized his army was secret from the sons of Hanifa.He ordered them to be killed and their boss kept a famine of Benmararah.He might save him from his benefit, and tied him with iron in his tent, and made him his wife, Umm Tamim.
Musailma descended with his army in Aqraba on the outskirts of Yamama. Then he met the Jamaan, and was initially dominant for the children of Hanifa, retreated Muslims until they entered Fustat Khaled, and almost to Tbshwa Um Tamim, if not Agarha famine bin bitterness, because of the good treatment. At that time, the diet revolted in the hearts of Muslims, and immigrants and supporters showed tournaments that turned the tide of battle in their favor. The Muslims realized that if they did not rush to win them, the siege could be prolonged. Hanifa. Since then, the park has been called the "Garden of Death."
After the battle ended, Khaled moved with his army to open Al-Yamamah's forts, and Khaled had documented a famine for his rent to Umm Tamim. A famine had been sent to the forts where only women, children, elders and those who could not fight could wear armor. He persuaded Khaled's famine that the forts were full of men.He looked at his army and was exhausted by the wars.He was killed so much that the death of Muslims on the day of the Yamamah was estimated at 200,000, of whom 360 were immigrants and supporters.Khalid saw that he would reconcile them with Muslims keeping half the captivity and spoils. Then a famine asked him to go and offer his people the matter, and then returned claiming that they did not accept the offer, and lowered Khaled to the quarter. When the Muslims entered the forts, Muslims found only women, children and the infirm, Khalid's anger to deceive him, but he found courage of famine, he was able to keep them from the rest of his people, and authorized reconciliation.
After the victory of Khaled, he asked a famine to marry his daughter, and he answered a famine. This caused the anger of the Caliph and the great companions, because he did not choose the right time. Abu Bakr was sent to Khalid, and he violated him more than he did on the day of his marriage to Umm Tamim. After Al-Yamamah, Khaled's mission ended in the wars of apostasy, so he took him home in one of the Yamamah valleys where he lived with his wives.
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