The life of Saifuddin Qutuz
The victorious king Seif al-Din Qutuz Mahmud ibn Mamdud ibn Khawarizm Shah is the Sultan of Mamluk (d. 658 AH / 1260 CE); he became king in 657 AH / 1259 AH. Egypt, even though his rule lasted less than one year, where he succeeded in mobilizing and re-assembling the Egyptian army, and managed to stop the advance of the Tatars, which almost eliminated the Islamic State, was defeated by his army was severely defeated in Ein Goliath, and their remnants until Free the entire Levant from their power.
Qutuz is a name given by the Tatars, where he fiercely resisted them when they were kidnapped and sold to him when he was young.Meanwhile, Qutuz means the Mongolian (fierce dog ).Qatuz is attributed to Prince Mammad al-Khawarizmi, the cousin of Sultan Jalaluddin Khwarazm Shah Sultan and his sister-in-law. Qutz grew up and grew up in the martial arts at the hands of his uncle. He repulsed the Seventh Crusade and won victory in the Battle of Mansoura in 648 AH (1250 AH). Conspired by some Mamluk princes led by b Press, killing him between Alaqraba and fitness and buried quite a while, then moved his grave after a period of time to Cairo, and he was killed on Saturday 16 November 658 AH, corresponding to October 22, 1260, after a battle named Goliath fifty days.
Like any other Mamluks, Qutz grew like any other Mamluks from the Trans-Mongol and Turkic lands. The Turk was one of the Mongol tribes that inhabited East Asia, including the Tatars from whom Genghis Khan and Holaco emerged. Qutz is described as one of the princes of the Islamic algorithm state, which was adjacent to the Mongol empire founded by the Mongol Khan Genghis Khan. The Khwarizmis, a Sunni Turkish dynasty that ruled large parts of Central Asia and western Iran in the period (1077-1220), were feudal followers of the Seljuks and then resigned, and became independent rulers in the eleventh century.
When the state of the algorithm fell to the death of Sultan Jalal al-Din bin Muhammad Khwarizm Shah on 15 Shawwal 628 AH corresponding to 9 October 1231, Prince Mammad al-Khwarizmi, the cousin of Sultan Jalal al-Din and his sister-in-law, participated in his fight with the Mongols until he was martyred and killed at the beginning of the Mongol algorithmic wars. The prince left before his death his young son Mahmoud in the care and upbringing of his uncle Sultan Jalaluddin, said Ali Ahmed Bakather «Prince Mamdoud died a martyr for the sake of God, and did not exceed thirty years of age, leaving behind his wife, the righteous, and a boy in the cradle See him only a few days, as filled by p He came out with Jalal al-Din to the Jihad of the Tatars, and he did not bid farewell to this life and the blessing of his consolation, but his hope as God prepared for the martyrs of the Mujahideen in his way of the resident bliss and greater satisfaction »,
Shams al-Din al-Jazari narrates in his history of Saif al-Din Qutz «When he was in the parchment of Musa bin Ghanem al-Maqdisi in Damascus, beaten by his master and insulted his father and grandfather, he cried and did not eat anything all the day, the son of the leader ordered bedding to feed him and feed him. All this crying from a blow, Qutz said: but crying of insulting my father and my grandfather are better than him, I said: One of your father and one infidel, he said: God, I am only a Muslim son of a Muslim, I Mahmoud bin Mamdoud son of Khwarazm Shah of the children of kings, I shut up And his satisfaction »
Qutuz was born in the royal family of Khwarzam Shah in Persia. Historians did not mention the year he was born. And other children to Damascus.
Mahmud was born to Prince Mamdoud, a cousin and sister-in-law of Sultan Jalal al-Din al-Khwarizmi. He grew up princes and trained martial arts by his uncle Jalal al-Din due to the martyrdom of his father. He is still a baby in the first Muslim wars against the Tatars. Tartar on him and his king, and the families of Prince Mahmoud and sold a slave in the market to a wealthy of wealthy people of the Levant, and raised the rich and well-educated, learning Arabic and its origins, and memorize the Koran and studied the modern, and after the death of wealthy became owned by the son of the rich, did not find him care and good deal, Qutz for another wealthy from the wealthy Sham, and This wealthy is a gateway to Qutz to enter the political life and jihad against the Crusaders, this wealthy is the son of one of the largest collaborators of the world Ezz ibn Abd al-Salam, Qtoz raised a new breeding, and the Crusades came to the Levant, including Damascus, and when Saleh Ismail abandoned the jihad of the Crusaders and truce them, he rose King Saleh, Najm al-Din Ayyub, defended the Muslims. Qutz joined the defenders of the people of Damascus with the Egyptian army.
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